Climate
Situated by the Baltic Sea and sheltered by the islands of the Archipelago Sea, Turku has a hemiboreal climate. Like much of southern Finland, the city experiences warm summers, with temperatures ranging up to 30 °C (86 °F), and relatively cold winters with frequent snowfall. The warmest month of the year is July, with an average temperature of 17 °C (63 °F), whereas the coldest month is February. The average year-round temperature is 5 °C (41 °F). Winter usually starts in early December, and spring in late March.
Precipitation in Turku averages 720 mm (28 in) a year. The rainiest month of the year is August, when the city receives on average 80 mm (3.1 in) of rainfall. In April, the driest month of the year, the figure is only 32 mm (1.3 in). The average air pressure at sea level is 101.2 kilopascals (29.9 inHg), with little variance throughout the year.
Operational since 1955, the city's weather station is located at an altitude of 47 metres (154 ft) at Turku Airport.
| Climate data for Turku | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
30.0 (86.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
35.9 (96.6) |
31.8 (89.2) |
27.3 (81.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
10.0 (50.0) |
35.9 (96.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −1.7 (28.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
15.5 (59.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.5 (68.9) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
9.28 (48.71) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.5 (58.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
5.50 (41.90) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
1.73 (35.12) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −34.8 (−30.6) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−23.7 (−10.7) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
1.8 (35.2) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−15 (5.0) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−33.8 (−28.8) |
−34.8 (−30.6) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 61 (2.4) |
42 (1.65) |
43 (1.69) |
32 (1.26) |
39 (1.54) |
59 (2.32) |
79 (3.11) |
80 (3.15) |
64 (2.52) |
78 (3.07) |
76 (2.99) |
70 (2.76) |
723 (28.46) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 11 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 116 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 40 | 75 | 134 | 204 | 284 | 276 | 287 | 230 | 155 | 89 | 38 | 27 | 1,839 |
| Source: Climatological statistics for the normal period 1981–2010 | |||||||||||||
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Famous quotes containing the word climate:
“When we consider how much climate contributes to the happiness of our condition, by the fine sensation it excites, and the productions it is the parent of, we have reason to value highly the accident of birth in such a one as that of Virginia.”
—Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)
“Then climate is a great impediment to idle persons; we often resolve to give up the care of the weather, but still we regard the clouds and the rain.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“A positive learning climate in a school for young children is a composite of many things. It is an attitude that respects children. It is a place where children receive guidance and encouragement from the responsible adults around them. It is an environment where children can experiment and try out new ideas without fear of failure. It is an atmosphere that builds children’s self-confidence so they dare to take risks. It is an environment that nurtures a love of learning.”
—Carol B. Hillman (20th century)