Comparison Between Hanyu Pinyin and Tongyong Pinyin
The differences between Hanyu and Tongyong pinyin are relatively straightforward:
- The palatalized consonants are written j, c, s rather than j, q, x
- The retroflex consonants are jh, ch, sh rather than zh, ch, sh
- The "buzzing" vowels are written ih (shih, sih) rather than i
- Yu and yong are written this way even after a consonant (nyu, jyong), rather than as ü, u, or iong
- You and wei are written iou and uei after a consonant (diou, duei), rather than contracted to iu and ui
- Eng is written labialized ong after the labial consonants f, w (fong, wong), though weng/wong contracts to ong after another consonant in both systems
- Wen becomes wun
- First tone is not written, but neutral tone is
IPA | ɑ | ɔ | ɛ | ɯʌ | aɪ | eɪ | ɑʊ | ɤʊ | an | ən | ɑŋ | əŋ | ɑɻ | i | iɛ | iɤʊ | iɛn | in | iŋ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pinyin | a | o | ê | e | ai | ei | ao | ou | an | en | ang | eng | er | yi | ye | you | yan | yin | ying |
Tongyong Pinyin | a | o | e | e | ai | ei | ao | ou | an | en | ang | eng | er | yi | ye | you | yan | yin | ying |
Wade-Giles | a | o | eh | o/ê | ai | ei | ao | ou | an | ên | ang | êng | êrh | i | yeh | yu | yen | yin | ying |
Zhuyin | ㄚ | ㄛ | ㄝ | ㄜ | ㄞ | ㄟ | ㄠ | ㄡ | ㄢ | ㄣ | ㄤ | ㄥ | ㄦ | ㄧ | ㄧㄝ | ㄧㄡ | ㄧㄢ | ㄧㄣ | ㄧㄥ |
example | 阿 | 哦 | 呗 | 俄 | 艾 | 黑 | 凹 | 偶 | 安 | 恩 | 昂 | 冷 | 二 | 一 | 也 | 又 | 言 | 音 | 英 |
IPA | u | uɔ | ueɪ | uən | uəŋ | ʊŋ | y | yœ | yɛn | yn | iʊŋ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pinyin | wu | wo/o | wei | wen | weng | ong | yu | yue | yuan | yun | yong |
Tongyong Pinyin | wu | wo/o | wei | wun | wong | ong | yu | yue | yuan | yun | yong |
Wade-Giles | wu | wo/o | wei | wên | wêng | ung | yü | yüeh | yüan | yün | yung |
Zhuyin | ㄨ | ㄨㄛ/ㄛ | ㄨㄟ | ㄨㄣ | ㄨㄥ | ㄩ | ㄩㄝ | ㄩㄢ | ㄩㄣ | ㄩㄥ | |
example | 五 | 我 | 位 | 文 | 翁 | 中 | 玉 | 月 | 元 | 云 | 用 |
IPA | puɔ | pʰuɔ | muɔ | fəŋ | tiɤʊ | tueɪ | tuən | tʰɯʌ | ny | ly | kɯʌɻ | kʰɯʌ | xɯʌ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pinyin | bo | po | mo | feng | diu | dui | dun | te | nü | lü | ger | ke | he |
Tongyong Pinyin | bo | po | mo | fong | diou | duei | dun | te | nyu | lyu | ger | ke | he |
Wade-Giles | po | p'o | mo | fêng | tiu | tui | tun | t'ê | nü | lü | kêrh | k'o | ho |
Zhuyin | ㄅㄛ | ㄆㄛ | ㄇㄛ | ㄈㄥ | ㄉㄧㄡ | ㄉㄨㄟ | ㄉㄨㄣ | ㄊㄜ | ㄋㄩ | ㄌㄩ | ㄍㄜㄦ | ㄎㄜ | ㄏㄜ |
example | 玻 | 婆 | 末 | 封 | 丟 | 兌 | 顿 | 特 | 女 | 旅 | 歌儿 | 可 | 何 |
IPA | tɕiɛn | tɕiʊŋ | tɕʰin | ɕyɛn | ʈʂɯʌ | ʈʂɨ | ʈʂʰɯʌ | ʈʂʰɨ | ʂɯʌ | ʂɨ | ʐɯʌ | ʐɨ | tsɯʌ | tsuɔ | tsɨ | tsʰɯʌ | tsʰɨ | sɯʌ | sɨ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pinyin | jian | jiong | qin | xuan | zhe | zhi | che | chi | she | shi | re | ri | ze | zuo | zi | ce | ci | se | si |
Tongyong Pinyin | jian | jyong | cin | syuan | jhe | jhih | che | chih | she | shih | re | rih | ze | zuo | zih | ce | cih | se | sih |
Wade-Giles | chien | chiung | ch'in | hsüan | chê | chih | ch'ê | ch'ih | shê | shih | jê | jih | tsê | tso | tzu | ts'ê | tz'u | sê | szu |
Zhuyin | ㄐㄧㄢ | ㄐㄩㄥ | ㄑㄧㄣ | ㄒㄩㄢ | ㄓㄜ | ㄓ | ㄔㄜ | ㄔ | ㄕㄜ | ㄕ | ㄖㄜ | ㄖ | ㄗㄜ | ㄗㄨㄛ | ㄗ | ㄘㄜ | ㄘ | ㄙㄜ | ㄙ |
example | 件 | 窘 | 秦 | 宣 | 哲 | 之 | 扯 | 赤 | 社 | 是 | 惹 | 日 | 仄 | 左 | 字 | 策 | 次 | 色 | 斯 |
IPA | mɑ˥˥ | mɑ˧˥ | mɑ˨˩˦ | mɑ˥˩ | mɑ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pinyin | mā | má | mǎ | mà | ma |
Tongyong Pinyin | ma | má | mǎ | mà | må |
Wade-Giles | ma1 | ma2 | ma3 | ma4 | ma0 |
Zhuyin | ㄇㄚ | ㄇㄚˊ | ㄇㄚˇ | ㄇㄚˋ | ㄇㄚ・ |
example (traditional/simplfied) | 媽/妈 | 麻/麻 | 馬/马 | 罵/骂 | 嗎/吗 |
Read more about this topic: Tongyong Pinyin
Famous quotes containing the words comparison between and/or comparison:
“The comparison between Coleridge and Johnson is obvious in so far as each held sway chiefly by the power of his tongue. The difference between their methods is so marked that it is tempting, but also unnecessary, to judge one to be inferior to the other. Johnson was robust, combative, and concrete; Coleridge was the opposite. The contrast was perhaps in his mind when he said of Johnson: his bow-wow manner must have had a good deal to do with the effect produced.”
—Virginia Woolf (18821941)
“I have travelled a good deal in Concord; and everywhere, in shops, and offices, and fields, the inhabitants have appeared to me to be doing penance in a thousand remarkable ways.... The twelve labors of Hercules were trifling in comparison with those which my neighbors have undertaken; for they were only twelve, and had an end; but I could never see that these men slew or captured any monster or finished any labor.”
—Henry David Thoreau (18171862)