Early Titles of Mary
| English | Latin | Greek | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mary | Maria | Mariam (Μαριάμ), Maria (Μαρία) | Arabic: Maryām (مريم), Chinese: (瑪利亞), Coptic: Mariam, French: Marie, German: Maria, Italian: Maria, Judeo-Aramaic: Maryām (מרים), Maltese: Marija, Portuguese: Maria, Russian: Marija (Мария), Spanish: María, Syriac: Mariam, Vietnamese: Maria; Marija |
| "Full of Grace", "Blessed", "Most Blessed" | Gratia plena, Beata, Beatissima | kecharitomene (κεχαριτωμένη) | from the angel's greeting to Mary in Luke 1:28; |
| "Virgin", "the Virgin" | Virgo | Parthenos (Παρθένος) | Greek parthenos used in Matthew 1:23; Ignatius of Antioch refers to Mary's virginity and motherhood (ca. 110); |
| "Cause of our Salvation" | causa salutis | according to Irenaeus of Lyons (150–202); | |
| "Advocate of Eve" | advocata Evæ | " " ; | |
| "Mother of God" | Mater Dei | Meter Theou (Μήτηρ Θεοῦ) | often abbr. ΜΡ ΘΥ in Greek iconography; |
| "God-bearer" | Deipara, Dei genetrix | Theotokos (Θεοτόκος) | lit. "one who bears the One who is God"; a common title in Eastern Christianity with christological implications; adopted officially during Council of Ephesus (431) in response to Nestorianism, which questioned the Church's teaching that Jesus Christ's nature was unified; |
| "Ever-virgin" | semper virgo | aie-parthenos (ἀειπάρθενος) | |
| "Holy Mary", "Saint Mary" | Sancta Maria | Hagia Maria (Ἁγία Μαρία) | Greek invocation is infrequent in contemporary Eastern Christianity; |
| "Most Holy" | Sanctissima, tota Sancta | Panagia (Παναγία) | |
| "Most Pure" | Purissima | ||
| "Immaculate" | immaculata | akeratos (ἀκήρατος) | |
| "Lady", "Mistress" | Domina | Despoina (Δέσποινα) | related, "Madonna" (Italian: Madonna, from ma "my" + donna "lady"; from Latin domina); also, "Notre Dame" (French: Notre Dame, lit. "our lady"); |
| "Queen of Heaven" | Regina Coeli, Regina Caeli | Mary is identified with the figure in Revelation 12:1; | |
| "Star of the Sea" | stella maris | attributed to St. Jerome; | |
| "Seat of Wisdom" | Sedes sapientiae | ||
| "Cause of Our Joy" | Causa nostrae laetitiae | ||
| "Help of Christians" | Auxilium christianorum |
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