16th Century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1514 | Battle of Chaldiran; Selim I defeats Ismail I of Safavid Persia; Kurdistan under control of Ottoman Empire. | |
| 1516 | Battle of Marj Dabiq; Selim I defeats Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Syria and Palestine under Ottoman rule. | |
| 1517 | Battle of Ridaniya; Selim I defeats Tuman bay II of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Egypt under Ottoman rule; Selim I takes the title caliph. | |
| 1519 | Algeria is conquered. | |
| 1520 | The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) begins. | |
| 1521 | Suleiman I captures Belgrade. | |
| 1522 | Suleiman I captures Rhodes. | |
| 1526 | Battle of Mohács. Suleiman I defeats Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia | |
| 1529 | Siege of Vienna. | |
| 1533 | Iraq under Turkish control. | |
| 1538 | Sea Batte of Preveza. Turkish navy controls most of Mediterranean Sea. | |
| 1550 | Sultanate of Women | |
| 1551 | Libya is taken over. | |
| 1541 | Suleiman I captures Budapest (known as Buda), which eventually leads to conquest of most of Hungary. | |
| 1547 | Most of Hungary under Turkish control. Hungary is divided, by agreement between the Ottoman sultan Suleiman I and Ferdinand I of Austria. | |
| 1566 | The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) ends. | |
| 1569 | The great fire of Istanbul broke out. | |
| 1570 | Conquest of Cyprus by Piyale Pasha | |
| 1571 | The Spanish and the Venetians defeat the Turks at the Battle of Lepanto. | |
| 1574 | Tunisia is conquered. | |
| 1578 | Tbilisi and most of Georgia conquered. | |
| 1590 | Treaty of İstanbul between Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia; Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia as well as west Iran under Ottoman rule. |
Read more about this topic: Timeline Of Turkish History
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—Hesiod (c. 8th century B.C.)