1960s
1960
- Pioneer 5 – 11 March 1960 – Interplanetary space investigations
1961
- Sputnik 7 – 4 February 1961 – Attempted Venus impact (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Venera 1 – 12 February 1961 – Venus flyby (contact lost before flyby)
- Vostok 1 – 12 April 1961 – First manned Earth orbiter
- Mercury-Redstone 3 – 5 May 1961 – First American in space
- Ranger 1 – 23 August 1961 – Attempted lunar test flight
- Ranger 2 – 18 November 1961 – Attempted lunar test flight
1962
- Ranger 3 – 26 January 1962 – Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon)
- Mercury-Atlas 6 – 20 February 1962 – First American manned Earth orbiter
- Ranger 4 – 23 April 1962 – Lunar impact (but unintentionally hit lunar farside and returned no data)
- Sputnik 19 – 25 August 1962 – Attempted Venus lander (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Mariner 2 – 27 August 1962 – First successful planetary encounter, First successful Venus flyby
- Sputnik 20 – 1 September 1962 – Attempted Venus lander (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Sputnik 21 – 12 September 1962 – Attempted Venus flyby (exploded)
- Ranger 5 – 18 October 1962 – Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon)
- Sputnik 22 – 24 October 1962 – Attempted Mars flyby (exploded)
- Mars 1 – 1 November 1962 – Mars flyby (contact lost)
- Sputnik 24 – 4 November 1962 – Attempted Mars lander (broke up)
1963
- Sputnik 25 – 4 January 1963 – Attempted lunar lander (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Luna 4 – 2 April 1963 – Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon)
- Cosmos 21 – 11 November 1963 – Attempted Venera test flight?
1964
- Ranger 6 – 30 January 1964 – Lunar impact (cameras failed)
- Cosmos 27 – 27 March 1964 – Attempted Venus flyby (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Zond 1 – 2 April 1964 – Venus flyby (contact lost)
- Ranger 7 – 28 July 1964 – Lunar impact
- Mariner 3 – 5 November 1964 – Attempted Mars flyby (failed to attain correct trajectory)
- Mariner 4 – 28 November 1964 – First Mars flyby
- Zond 2 – 30 November 1964 – Mars flyby (contact lost)
1965
- Ranger 8 – 17 February 1965 – Lunar impact
- Cosmos 60 – 12 March 1965 – Attempted lunar lander (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Ranger 9 – 21 March 1965 – Lunar impact
- Luna 5 – 9 May 1965 – Lunar impact (attempted soft landing)
- Luna 6 – 8 June 1965 – Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon)
- Zond 3 – 18 July 1965 – Lunar flyby
- Luna 7 – 4 October 1965 – Lunar impact (attempted soft landing)
- Venera 2 – 12 November 1965 – Venus flyby (contact lost)
- Venera 3 – 16 November 1965 – Venus lander (contact lost) – First spacecraft to reach another planet's surface, First Venus impact
- Cosmos 96 – 23 November 1965 – Attempted Venus lander (stayed in Earth orbit due to launch failure)
- Luna 8 – 3 December 1965 – Lunar impact (attempted soft landing?)
- Pioneer 6 – 16 December 1965 – "Space weather" observations
1966
- Luna 9 – 31 January 1966 – First lunar lander
- Cosmos 111 – 1 March 1966 – Attempted lunar orbiter? (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Luna 10 – 31 March 1966 – First lunar orbiter
- Surveyor 1 – 30 May 1966 – Lunar lander
- Explorer 33 – 1 July 1966 – Attempted lunar orbiter (failed to attain lunar orbit)
- Lunar Orbiter 1 – 10 August 1966 – Lunar orbiter
- Pioneer 7 – 17 August 1966 – "Space weather" observations
- Luna 11 – 24 August 1966 – Lunar orbiter
- Surveyor 2 – 20 September 1966 – Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon)
- Luna 12 – 22 October 1966 – Lunar orbiter
- Lunar Orbiter 2 – 6 November 1966 – Lunar orbiter
- Luna 13 – 21 December 1966 – Lunar lander
1967
- Lunar Orbiter 3 – 4 February 1967 – Lunar orbiter
- Surveyor 3 – 17 April 1967 – Lunar lander
- Lunar Orbiter 4 – 8 May 1967 – Lunar orbiter
- Venera 4 – 12 June 1967 – First Venus atmospheric probe
- Mariner 5 – 14 June 1967 – Venus flyby
- Cosmos 167 – 17 June 1967 – Attempted Venus probe (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Surveyor 4 – 14 July 1967 – Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon)
- Explorer 35 (IMP-E) – 19 July 1967 – Lunar orbiter
- Lunar Orbiter 5 – 1 August 1967 – Lunar orbiter
- Surveyor 5 – 8 September 1967 – Lunar lander
- Surveyor 6 – 7 November 1967 – Lunar lander
- Pioneer 8 – 13 December 1967 – "Space weather" observations
1968
- Surveyor 7 – 7 January 1968 – Lunar lander
- Zond 4 – 2 March 1968 – Lunar programme test flight
- Luna 14 – 7 April 1968 – Lunar orbiter
- Zond 5 – 15 September 1968 – First lunar flyby and return to Earth
- Pioneer 9 – 8 November 1968 – "Space weather" observations
- Zond 6 – 10 November 1968 – Lunar flyby and return to Earth
- Apollo 8 – 21 December 1968 – First manned lunar orbiter
1969
- Venera 5 – 5 January 1969 – Venus atmospheric probe
- Venera 6 – 10 January 1969 – Venus atmospheric probe
- Mariner 6 – 25 February 1969 – Mars flyby
- Apollo 9 – 3 March 1969 – Manned lunar lander (LEM) flight test
- Mariner 7 – 27 March 1969 – Mars flyby
- Apollo 10 – 18 May 1969 – Manned lunar orbiter
- Luna E-8-5 No.402 – 14 June 1969 – Attempted lunar sample return, first attempted sample return mission
- Luna 15 – 13 July 1969 – Second attempted lunar sample return
- Apollo 11 – 16 July 1969 – First manned lunar landing and first successful sample return mission
- Zond 7 – 7 August 1969 – Lunar flyby and return to Earth
- Cosmos 300 – 23 September 1969 – Attempted lunar sample return? (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Cosmos 305 – 22 October 1969 – Attempted lunar sample return? (failed to escape Earth orbit)
- Apollo 12 – 14 November 1969 – Manned lunar landing
Read more about this topic: Timeline Of Solar System Exploration