11th Century
- 1020 – Avicenna (Ibn Sina) introduces experimentation and quantification into the study of medicine and physiology, including the introduction of experimental medicine and clinical trials, in The Canon of Medicine
- 1021 – Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen) pioneers the experimental scientific method and experimental physics in his Book of Optics, where he devises the first scientific experiments on optics, including the first use of the camera obscura to prove that light travels in straight lines and the first experimental proof that visual perception is caused by light rays travelling to the eyes, which also marks the beginning of experimental psychology and psychophysics
- 1030 – Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī conducts the first elaborate experiments related to astronomical phenomena and introduces the experimental method into mechanics
Read more about this topic: Timeline Of Scientific Experiments