Tibetan Buddhism
In Tibetan Buddhism there are three refuge formulations, the Outer, Inner and Secret forms of the Three Jewels. The 'Outer' form is the 'Triple Gem', (Sanskrit:triratna), the 'Inner' is the Three Roots and the 'Secret' form is the 'Three Bodies' or trikaya of a Buddha. These alternative refuge formulations are employed by those undertaking Deity Yoga and other tantric practices within the Tibetan Buddhist Vajrayana tradition as a means of recognizing Buddha Nature.
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Tibetan Buddhist Refuge Formulations |
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Outer or 'Three Jewels' |
Buddha |
Dharma |
Sangha |
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Inner or 'Three Roots' |
Lama (Guru) |
Yidam (Ista-devata) |
Khandroma (Dakini) |
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Secret or 'Trikaya' |
Dharmakaya |
Sambhogakaya |
Nirmanakaya |
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Three Vajras |
Mind |
Speech |
Body |
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seed syllable |
blue hum |
red ah |
white om |
Read more about this topic: Three Jewels
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