Thoma is a version of Thomas, originating from Aramaic t’om’a, meaning ‘twin’, and may refer to:
- Antonius von Thoma (1829–1897), German Roman Catholic archbishop
- Busso Thoma (1899–1945), German army officer; hanged for his part in the July 20 assassination attempt on Hitler
- Dieter Thoma (b. 1969), German Olympic ski jumper
- Georg Thoma (b. 1937), German Olympic skier
- Godfrey Thoma (born 1957), Nauruan politician
- Hans Thoma (1839–1924), German artist
- Hans Thoma (engineer), Germany engineer, inventor of the bent-axis axial piston pump/motor, the "Thoma-design", USPTO patent No. 2155455, 1935.
- Heinrich Thoma (b. 1900, d. unknown), Swiss Olympic rower
- Kurt Thoma (1901–1971) German naval captain
- Ludwig Thoma (1867–1921), German author, editor, and publisher
- Maralyn Thoma, American soap opera television writer
- Thoma (scholar) (died 1127), Moorish Spaniard author and scholar
- Thoma Avenir, a one of the main characters in the manga Magical Record Lyrical Nanoha Force
- Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma (1891–1948), German army officer
- Other
- 5492 Thoma, main-belt asteroid
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