English Translations
Some English language translations, primarily those translated by or for Christian communities, render the text as stating: "They have pierced my hands and my feet" though English translations are not uniform in this rendering. Versions translated outside of Christian circles, such as the Jewish Publication Society and The Judaica Press, prefer different English renderings based on the Hebrew text.
| Translation | Text |
|---|---|
| Wycliffe | "they delved mine hands and my feet" |
| Coverdale | "they pierced my hands and my feet" |
| KJV | "they pierced my hands and my feet" |
| NIV | "they have pierced my hands and my feet" |
| ESV | "they have pierced my hands and feet" |
| JPS | "like a lion, they are at my hands and my feet" |
Wyclif's Bible of 1395 adopts a literal translation of Latin Vulgate term foderunt (from Jerome's Hexaplar Psalms). Miles Coverdale in 1535, most likely influenced by Luther's German translation as durchgraben (dig through, penetrate) chooses the English word pierce; and this has been retained in the majority of subsequent English versions.
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