Literary Significance & Criticism
The Golden Bowl's intense focus on these four characters gives the novel both its tremendous power and its peculiar feeling of claustrophobia. While the book delves deeply and often brilliantly into the consciousness of Amerigo and Maggie, some critics think that it loses momentum in a maze of over-analysis.
The author Rebecca West said of it that "winter had fallen on genius in The Golden Bowl." Critics have noted the overbearing symbolism of the golden bowl, which is eventually broken in a scene that may not be fully effective. They've also disliked the roles given to the characters of Fanny and Bob Assingham, a couple acquainted with the four central characters and who frequently discuss the quartet. (The pun of their names is probably intended, though nobody can be sure.) Finally, critics have described the book as suffocating and unrealistic in its portrayal of the closed-in nature of the relationships, as well as saying its style was too ornate and figurative.
The book had its supporters, who said that the novel is a superb dramatization of the stresses inherent in any marriage and the sometimes circuitous methods required to overcome them. James' presentation of Maggie's subdued but desperate struggle is much admired for its insight and precision. These fans believe the dialogue is often brilliant in its delicate indirection, and that many scenes are realized with the full impact of James' most mature technique.
In 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Golden Bowl 32nd on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.
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