Tarkio may refer to:
- Tarkio River, a river that runs through Iowa and Missouri
- Tarkio, Missouri, a town on the Tarkio River in the northwest corner of Missouri
- Tarkio (album), an album by the folk-rock duo Brewer & Shipley, named for the city in Missouri
- Tarkio College, a college no longer in existence in the city of Tarkio, Missouri
- Tarkio, Montana, a small town near Missoula, Montana
- Tarkio (band), an indie rock group which took its name from the town in Montana