Surduc - Physical-geographical Data

Physical-geographical Data

Defining features of the landscape in the commune of Surduc are the result of selective modeling of geological substratum, consisting of sedimentary rocks of different resistance and arranged in an obvious monoclinal structure.

The relief is very varied, consisting of a combination of hilly peaks and valleys between slopes, all resulted from fragmentation of the northwestern part of Someș Plateau. Altitudinal, relief ranges from about 200 m in Someș River meadow and maximum altitude of 607 m in Pietrosu Peak in the southeastern part of the commune. Energy of landscape has considerable value, between 200–300 m and even 400 m, in relation to depression areas, which explains, in some measure, the intensity of slope processes.

Vertical deepening of the valleys is relatively high, determined by geological structure (layers consisting of sandstones, clays, marls, conglomerates etc.). Vertical deepening is accompanied by an active torrential erosion, mitigated or stabilized by the level of afforestation. The commune is crossed by three major subunits of relief: Șimișna-Gârbou Hills, Prisnel Peak and Almaș-Agrij Depression, all running across the Someș Corridor. This leads to a very pronounced transition for relief and other geographic components, giving a note of specificity to geographical area of the commune.