Total (TSI) and Spectral Solar Irradiance (SSI) Upon Earth
Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) – the amount of solar radiation received at the top of the Earth’s atmosphere – was earlier measured by satellite to be roughly 1.366 kilowatts per square meter (kW/m²), but most recently NASA cites TSI as 1,361 W/m² as compared to ~1,366 W/m² from earlier observations, based on results from a series of NASA and ESA satellite TSI monitors continuing today with the ACRIMSAT/ACRIM3, SOHO/VIRGO and SORCE/TIM observations. This “discovery is critical in examining the energy budget of the planet Earth and isolating the climate change due to human activities.” Furthermore the SORCE Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SIM) has found in the same period that spectral solar irradiance (SSI) at UV (ultraviolet) wavelength corresponds in a less clear, and probably more complicated fashion, with earth's climate responses than earlier assumed, fueling broad avenues of new research in “the connection of the Sun and stratosphere, troposphere, biosphere, ocean, and Earth’s climate”.
Read more about this topic: Sunshiny
Famous quotes containing the words total, spectral, solar and/or earth:
“For, the expectation of gratitude is mean, and is continually punished by the total insensibility of the obliged person. It is a great happiness to get off without injury and heart-burning, from one who has had the ill luck to be served by you. It is a very onerous business, this being served, and the debtor naturally wishes to give you a slap.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“How does one kill fear, I wonder? How do you shoot a spectre through the heart, slash off its spectral head, take it by its spectral throat?”
—Joseph Conrad (1857–1924)
“Lincoln becomes the American solar myth, the chief butt of American credulity and sentimentality.”
—H.L. (Henry Lewis)
“I am sure my bones would not rest in an English grave, or my clay mix with the earth of that country. I believe the thought would drive me mad on my death-bed could I suppose that any of my friends would be base enough to convey my carcass back to her soil. I would not even feed her worms if I could help it.”
—George Gordon Noel Byron (1788–1824)