The Suma Indians (also Zuma and Zumana) lived in northern Chihuahua and the Rio Grande valley of western Texas. They were nomadic hunter gatherers who practiced little or no agriculture. The Suma are extinct as a distinct people, wiped out by smallpox or absorbed by the Hispanic population and the Apache Indians in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Read more about Suma Indians: Identity and Livelihood, History
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“The Indians knew that life was equated with the earth and its resources, that America was a paradise, and they could not comprehend why the intruders from the East were determined to destroy all that was Indian as well as America itself.”
—Dee Brown (b. 1908)