There have been several people named Sultan Muhammad:
- Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah, ruler of the kingdom of Golconda in southern India under the Qutb Shahi dynasty, from 1612 to 1626.
- Sultan Muhammad Shams ud-din Iskandar II, sultan of the Maldives from 1773 - 1774.
- Sultan Muhammad Mu'iz ud-din Iskander ibni al-Marhum Shah Ghazi al-Hasan 'Izz ud-din, sultan of the Maldives from 1774 - 1779.
- Sultan Muhammad of Selangor, reigned from 1826 to 1857.
- Sultan Muhammad Khan Golden, famous Pakistani motorcar and motorcycle stuntman and jumping specialist.
- Sultan Muhammad, the 15th century ruler of Badakhshan.