Equipment Commonly Used For Stream Gauging
Many permanent water control structures used to improve the reliability of using water level as a surrogate for flow (improving the reliability of the rating table) are:
- V-notch,
- broad-crested,
- sharp-crested and
- combination weirs
- Flumes
Other equipment commonly used at permanent stream gauge include:
- Cableways - for suspending a hydrographer and current meter over a river to make high flow measurement
- Water pressure measuring device (Bubbler) - to measure water level via pressure (typically done directly in-stream without a stilling well)
- Stilling well - to provide a calm water level that can be measured by a sensor
- Stage encoder - a potentiometer with a wheel and pulley system connected to a float in a stilling well to provide an electronic reading of the water level
- Simple ultrasonic devices - to measure water level in a stilling well or directly in a canal.
- Electromagnetic gauges
Discharge measurements of a stream or canal without an established stream gage can be made using a current meter or Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler. One informal methods that is not acceptable for any official or scientific purpose, but can be useful is the float method, in which a floating object such as a piece of wood or orange peel is observed floating down the stream.
Read more about this topic: Stream Gauge
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