Error Metrics
There are two error measurements in stemming algorithms, overstemming and understemming. Overstemming is an error where two separate inflected words are stemmed to the same root, but should not have been—a false positive. Understemming is an error where two separate inflected words should be stemmed to the same root, but are not—a false negative. Stemming algorithms attempt to minimize each type of error, although reducing one type can lead to increasing the other.
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“Error is to truth as sleep is to waking. I have observed that one turns, as if refreshed, from error back to truth.”
—Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe (1749–1832)