Solun-Voden Dialect - Other Specific Characteristics

Other Specific Characteristics

  • Enclitic at the beginning of the sentence: Mu gɔ klava petʃatut. Si ja goreʃe furnata.
  • Single short form mu for masculine, neutral, feminine, and plural pronouns: Na baba ce mu nɔsum da jədɛ (I'll take something for my grandma to eat). Na starite mu ɛ mɤtʃnɔ (It is hard for old people). Na nih mu davum jadɛjne (I give it/him/them a meal).
  • Use of the preposition u instead of the preposition vo :vo selo → u selo (in village)
  • Use of the preposition ut instead of ot : ut Solun → od Solun (from/of Solun). This is because ɔ in ɔt when combined with the next word becomes a wide (unstressed) vowel which undergoes reduction (see Phonological characteristics).
Comparison of the Solun-Voden dialect with Standard Bulgarian and Standard Macedonian
Parameter Solun-Voden dialect Standard Bulgarian (based on Eastern Bulgarian) Standard Macedonian Dupnitsa dialect Samokov dialect English
Proto-Slavic *tʲ/*dʲ – Old Church Slavonic щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) mixed, predominantly ќ/ѓ (c/ɟ), but also щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/меѓу щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между ќ/ѓ (c/ɟ) – леќа/меѓу щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между щ/жд (ʃt/ʒd) – леща/между lentils/between
Proto-Slavic *ɡt/kt – Old Church Slavonic щ (ʃt) ќ (c) – ноќ щ (ʃt) – нощ ќ (c) – ноќ щ (ʃt) – нощ щ (ʃt) – нощ night
Old Church Slavonic ѣ (yat) mixed, я/е (ʲa/ɛ) – бял/бели in the east, е (ɛ) – бел/бели in the west я/е (ʲa/ɛ) – бял/бели е (ɛ) – бел/бели е (ɛ) – бел/бели е (ɛ) – бел/бели white
Old Church Slavonic ѫ (yus), approx. ɔ̃ ъ (ə) – мъж, rarely у (u) - пупка ъ (ə) – мъж а (a) – маж а (a) – маж а (a) – маж man
Old Church Slavonic ъ (ə) о (ɔ) – сон ъ (ə) – сън о (ɔ) – сон о (ɔ) – сон а (a) – сан dream
Old Church Slavonic лъ/ль ъл (əl) – сълза лъ/ъл (lə/əl) – сълза oл (ɔl) – солза vocalic l/ъ (ə) – слза/съза depending on region у (u) – суза tear
Old Church Slavonic x /x/ Preserved – бях, but often omitted in the beginning of words - убаво Preserved – бях, хубаво Lost or replaced by ф/в (f/v) – бев, убаво Preserved – бех, хубаво Preserved – бех, хубаво was, nice
Vowel reduction Yes Yes No No No
Definite article Single definite article – момчето Single definite article – момчето Triple definite article – момчето, момчево, момчено Single definite article – момчето Single definite article – момчето the boy
Ending of verbs in 1st person sing. present time only ам – читам, пишувам а (я) – 1st and 2nd conjugation, ам (ям) – 3rd – чета, пиша only ам – читам, пишувам а – 1st and 2nd conjugation, ам – 3rd – чета, пиша only (и/е)м – четем, пишем (I) read, (I) write
Formation of past perfect tense бех/бях + past participle – бех писал, бях молил бях + past participle – бях писал, бях молил имам + past passive aorist participle – имам пишано, имам молено бeх + past participle – бех писал, бех молил бех + past participle – бех писал, бeх молил (I) had read, (I) had written
Word stress Dynamic - доби́ток, пера́м Dynamic - доби́тък, пера́ Fixed antepenultimate - до́биток, пе́рам Dynamic – доби́ток, пера́ Dynamic – доби́ток, пере́м cattle, (I) wash

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