Typical Compositions and Properties
The following table lists some physical properties of soda-lime glasses. Unless otherwise stated, the glass compositions and many experimentally determined properties are taken from one large study. Those values marked in italic font have been interpolated from similar glass compositions (see calculation of glass properties) due to the lack of experimental data.
| Properties | Soda-lime glass for containers |
Soda-lime glass for windows |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical composition, wt% |
74 SiO2, 13 Na2O, 10.5 CaO, 1.3 Al2O3, 0.3 K2O, 0.2 SO3, 0.2 MgO, 0.04 Fe2O3, 0.01 TiO2 |
73 SiO2, 14 Na2O, 9 CaO, 4 MgO, 0.15 Al2O3, 0.03 K2O, 0.02 TiO2, 0.1 Fe2O3 |
| Viscosity log(η, dPa·s or Poise) = A + B / (T in °C − To) |
550–1450°C: A = −2.309 B = 3922 To = 291 |
550–1450°C: A = −2.585 B = 4215 To = 263 |
| Glass transition temperature, Tg, °C |
573 | 564 |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion, ppm/K, ~100–300°C |
9 | 9.5 |
| Density at 20°C, g/cm3 |
2.52 | 2.53 |
| Refractive index nD at 20°C |
1.518 | 1.520 |
| Dispersion at 20°C, 104×(nF−nC) |
86.7 | 87.7 |
| Young's modulus at 20°C, GPa |
72 | 74 |
| Shear modulus at 20°C, GPa |
29.8 | 29.8 |
| Liquidus temperature, °C |
1040 | 1000 |
| Heat capacity at 20°C, J/(mol·K) |
49 | 48 |
| Surface tension, at ~1300°C, mJ/m2 |
315 | |
| Chemical durability, Hydrolytic class, after ISO 719 |
3 | 3...4 |
| Critical stress intensity factor, (KIC), MPa.m0.5 |
? | 0.75 |
- Coefficient of restitution (glass sphere vs. glass wall): 0.97 ± 0.01
- Thermal conductivity: 0.9-1.3 W/m.K
- Hardness (Mohs scale): 6
- Knoop hardness: 585 kg/mm2 + 20
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