Early Leadership (1846-1968)
- Charles Coffin Jewett (1847–1855), Assistant Secretary acting as Librarian
- Jane Turner (1855–1887), first female employee of the Smithsonian, assigned as keeper of accession records for books after Jewett’s dismissal
- Theodore M. Gill (1866 - ?), Assistant to the National Library (Library of Congress)
- John Murdoch (1887–1892), Librarian
- Cyrus B. Adler (1892–1905), Assistant Secretary in Charge of Library and Exchanges
- Frederick W. True (1911–1914), Assistant Secretary in Charge of Library and Exchanges
- Paul Brockett (1914–1925), Assistant Librarian
- William L. Corbin (1924–1942), Librarian
- Leila F. Clark (1942–1957), Librarian, first to hold a library degree
- Ruth E. Blanchard (1957–1964), Librarian
- Mary A. Huffer (1964–1967), Acting Librarian
Read more about this topic: Smithsonian Institution Libraries, History
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