Severus is the name of various historical and fictional figures, including:
- Emperors in the Severan dynasty
- Septimius Severus (145–211), Roman Emperor from 193 to 211
- Alexander Severus (208–235), Roman Emperor from 222 to 235
- Flavius Valerius Severus (died 307), Roman Emperor from 306 to 307
- Other individuals
- Saint Severus, several Christian saints
- Sextus Julius Severus, 2nd century Roman general
- Severus (Encratite), founder of the gnostic sect Severian Encratites
- Severus of Antioch (c. 465 – c. 538), Non-Chalcedonian and Patriarch of Antioch
- Libius Severus (420–465), Roman Emperor from 461 to 465
- Severus Iatrosophista, Byzantine author of De Clysteribus
- Severus Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ (died 987), Coptic bishop and historian
- Fictional characters
- Severus Snape, character in the Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling