Settlement Movement (Israel)

Settlement movement (Hebrew: תנועת התיישבות‎) is a term used in Israel to describe national umbrella organisations for kibbutzim, moshavim, moshavim shitufiim, and communal settlements. It is not related to the term Israeli settlement, which denotes settlements outside of the Green Line.

Most kibbutzim are members of either the Kibbutz Movement or the Religious Kibbutz Movement, whilst most moshavim and communal settlements are divided between the Moshavim Movement, Mishkei Herut Beitar, the Agricultural Union and HaOved HaTzioni. Many religious moshavim are affiliated with Hapoel HaMizrachi or Agudat Israel Workers movements. Moshavim established after 1967 in the West Bank, outside the Green Line, are typically affiliated with Amana.

In the past there were several other organisations; the Kibbutz Movement was formed by a merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi in 1999, the former also formed by a merger of HaKibbutz HaMeuhad and Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim in 1981. Most of the former organisations had political affiliations; HaKibbutz HaMeuhad was aligned with Ahdut HaAvoda and Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim with Mapai and Labour.

To the extent that kibbutzim, moshavim, and moshavim shitufiim are agricultural cooperatives based on individual membership, the national settlement movements in Israel are viewed as secondary cooperatives or cooperative federations, whose members are lower-level primary cooperatives.

Cooperative settlements in Israel
By type
Kibbutz
  • List of kibbutzim
  • Hakhshara
  • Kibbutz volunteer
  • Urban kibbutz
Others
  • Community settlement
  • Moshav
  • Moshav shitufi
  • Youth village
By movements
Existing
  • Agricultural Union
  • Amana
  • HaMerkaz HaHakla'i
  • HaOved HaTzioni
  • Hapoel HaMizrachi
  • Hitahdut HaIkarim
  • Kibbutz Movement
  • Mishkei Herut Beitar
  • Moshavim Movement
  • Poalei Agudat Yisrael
  • Religious Kibbutz Movement
Defunct
  • HaKibbutz HaMeuhad
  • Ihud HaKvutzot VeHaKibbutzim
  • Kibbutz Artzi
  • United Kibbutz Movement
Topics
  • Communal child rearing and collective education
  • Kibbutz crisis
  • Jewish land purchase in Palestine

Famous quotes containing the words settlement and/or movement:

    A Tory..., since the revolution, may be defined in a few words, to be a lover of monarchy, though without abandoning liberty; and a partizan of the family of Stuart. As a Whig may be defined to be a lover of liberty though without renouncing monarchy; and a friend to the settlement in the protestant line.
    David Hume (1711–1776)

    Women who assume authority are unnatural. Unnatural women are lesbians. Therefore all the leaders of the women’s movement were presumed to be lesbians.
    Jane O’Reilly, U.S. feminist and humorist. The Girl I Left Behind, ch. 8 (1980)