Sensor - Sensors in Nature

Sensors in Nature

Further information: Sense

All living organisms contain biological sensors with functions similar to those of the mechanical devices described. Most of these are specialized cells that are sensitive to:

  • Light, motion, temperature, magnetic fields, gravity, humidity, moisture, vibration, pressure, electrical fields, sound, and other physical aspects of the external environment
  • Physical aspects of the internal environment, such as stretch, motion of the organism, and position of appendages (proprioception)
  • Environmental molecules, including toxins, nutrients, and pheromones
  • Estimation of biomolecules interaction and some kinetics parameters
  • Internal metabolic milieu, such as glucose level, oxygen level, or osmolality
  • Internal signal molecules, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and cytokines
  • Differences between proteins of the organism itself and of the environment or alien creatures.

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    —Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)