Schweitzer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Albert Schweitzer, German polymath, particularly a theologian and musician
- Anton Schweitzer, opera composer
- Brian Schweitzer, former Democratic Governor of the US state of Montana
- Darrell Schweitzer, American writer, editor and essayist
- Douglas Schweitzer, Canadian politician
- Edmund Schweitzer, electrical engineer, inventor
- Edmund O. Schweitzer Jr., founder of E. O. Schweitzer Manufacturing
- George K. Schweitzer, academic in chemistry and family history and local history
- Georgia Schweitzer, former collegiate and professional basketball player
- Jean Baptista von Schweitzer, German politician and poet
- Jeff Schweitzer, American non-fiction author, scientist and political commentator
- Johann Friedrich Schweitzer, Dutch-German alchemist
- Johannes Joseph Schweitzer, German composer
- Louis Schweitzer (philanthropist), paper manufacturer
- Louis Schweitzer (CEO), chairman and former CEO of Renault
- Mary Higby Schweitzer, paleontologist
- Pierre-Paul Schweitzer, managing director of the International Monetary Fund
- Mark Schweitzer, novelist
- Scott Schweitzer, American soccer coach and former professional soccer player
- Yoram Schweitzer, Senior Research Fellow at Israel's Institute for National Security Studies