Scheduled Castes And Scheduled Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and the Scheduled Tribes (STs) are two groupings of historically disadvantaged people that are given express recognition in the Constitution of India. During the period of British rule in the Indian sub-continent they were known as the Depressed Classes.
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up around 15% and 7.5% respectively of the population of India, or around 24% altogether, according to the 2001 Census. The proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the country's population has steadily risen since independence in 1947.
The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,108 castes across 25 states in its First Schedule, while the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its First Schedule.
Since Independence, the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes (all three categories combined together constitute about 85 percent of India's population) were given provision of "Reservation" policy. The reservation policy became an integral part of the Constitution through the efforts of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, father of Modern India and architect of the Indian Constitution; he participated in Round Table Conferences and fought for the rights of the Oppressed and Depressed Classes. The Constitution lays down general principles for the policy of affirmative action for the SCs and STs.
Read more about Scheduled Castes And Scheduled Tribes: History, Constitutional Framework For Safeguarding of Interests, Distribution, Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan, Prominent Personalities of SC/STs Community
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