Common System Components
A SCADA system usually consists of the following subsystems:
- A human–machine interface or HMI is the apparatus or device which presents process data to a human operator, and through this, the human operator monitors and controls the process.
- SCADA is used as a safety tool as in lock-out tag-out
- A supervisory (computer) system, gathering (acquiring) data on the process and sending commands (control) to the process.
- Remote terminal units (RTUs) connecting to sensors in the process, converting sensor signals to digital data and sending digital data to the supervisory system.
- Programmable logic controller (PLCs) used as field devices because they are more economical, versatile, flexible, and configurable than special-purpose RTUs.
- Communication infrastructure connecting the supervisory system to the remote terminal units.
- Various process and analytical instrumentation
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