Sample Mean and Sample Covariance - Criticism

Criticism

The sample mean and sample covariance are widely used in statistics and applications, and are extremely common measures of location and dispersion, respectively, likely the most common: they are easily calculated and possess desirable characteristics.

However, they suffer from certain drawbacks; notably, they are not robust statistics, meaning that they are sensitive to outliers. As robustness is often a desired trait, particularly in real-world applications, robust alternatives may prove desirable, notably quantile-based statistics such the sample median for location, and interquartile range (IQR) for dispersion. Other alternatives include trimming and Winsorising, as in the trimmed mean and the Winsorized mean.

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