Stratigraphy
In the southwest of the Netherlands the Rupel Formation lies stratigraphically on top of the late Eocene to early Oligocene Tongeren Formation. Further east the Rupel Formation is found on top of the Eocene sands of the Dongen Formation. In the east, on the Middel-Netherlands High, the base of the formation can also be a nonconformity with Mesozoic deposits.
In some places the younger Veldhoven Formation lies conformily on top of the Rupel Formation. In other places the top of the Rupel Formation is a hiatus, on which Neogene formations (such as the Breda Formation or Naaldwijk Formation) can be found.
Read more about this topic: Rupel Formation