Unregulated Transitional Alphabets
Starting with the 1830s and ending with the official adoption of the Latin alphabet, there were no regulations for writing Romanian, and various alphabets using Cyrillic and Latin letters, besides the mid-transitional version in the table above, were used, sometimes two or more of them in a single book. The following table shows some of the many alphabets used in print.
Pre-1830 | 1833 | 1838 | 1846 (1), 1848 | 1846 (2) | 1858 | 1860 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
А а | А а | А а | А а | А а | A a | A a |
Б б | Б б | Б б | Б б | Б б | B b | Б б |
В в | В в | В в | В в | В в | V v | В в |
Г г | Г г | Г г | Г г | Г г | G g | Г г |
Д д | Д д | Д д | D d | Д д | D d | D d |
Є є, Е e | Є є | Є є | E e | Ε ε | E e | E e |
Ж ж | Ж ж | Ж ж | Ж ж | Ж ж | J j | Ж ж |
Ѕ ѕ | Ѕ ѕ | Дз дз | Ḑ ḑ | Дз дз | Dz dz | Dz dz |
З з | З з | З з | Z z | З з | Z z | Z z |
И и | И и | I i | I i | І і | I i | I i |
І і | Ї ї | I i | I i | І і | I i | I i |
К к | К к | К к | K k | К к | K k | K k |
Л л | Л л | Л л | Л л | Л л | L l | L l |
М м | М м | М м | M m | М м | M m | M m |
Н н | Н н | Н н | N n | Ⲛ ⲛ | N n | N n |
Ѻ, О o | О о | О о | O o | О о | О о | O о |
П п | П п | П п | П п | П п | П п | П п |
Р р | Р р | Р р | Р р | Р р | R r | Р р |
С с | С с | С с | S s | С с | S s | S s |
Т т | Т т | Т т | T t | Т т | T t | T t |
Ѹ ѹ | У у (initial), Ꙋ ꙋ (mid and final) | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ |
Ꙋ, ȣ | У у (initial), Ꙋ ꙋ (mid and final) | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ | Ꙋ ꙋ |
Ф ф | Ф ф | Ф ф | Ф ф | Ф ф | F f | Ф ф |
Х х | Х х | Х х | Х х | Х х | Х х | Х х |
Ѡ ѡ | Ѡ ѡ ("(-)лѡр" only) | О о | O o | О о | О о | О о |
Щ щ | Щ щ | Щ щ | Щ щ | Шт шт | Шt шt | Шt шt |
Ц ц | Ц ц | Ц ц | Ц ц | Ц ц | Ц ц | Ц ц |
Ч ч | Ч ч | Ч ч | Ч ч | Ч ч | Ч ч | Ч ч |
Ш ш | Ш ш | Ш ш | Ш ш | Ш ш | Ш ш | Ш ш |
Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ | Ъ ъ |
Ы ы | Ꙟ ꙟ (initial), Ѫ ѫ (mid and final) | Ꙟ ꙟ (initial), Ѫ ѫ (mid and final) | Ꙟ ꙟ | Ꙟ ꙟ | Î î | Î î |
Ѣ ѣ | Ѣ ѣ | Ѣ ѣ | Ea ea | Εа εа (ligature – small letter only) | Ea ea | Ea ea |
Ю ю | Ю ю | IꙊ iꙋ (ligature) | IꙊ Iꙋ iꙋ (ligature) | IꙊ Iꙋ іꙋ (ligature – small letter only) | IꙊ iꙋ (ligature) | Ĭꙋ ĭꙋ |
Ꙗ ꙗ | Ꙗ ꙗ (initial), Ѧ ѧ (mid and final) | Ꙗ ꙗ | Ꙗ Iа (ligature) ꙗ | IА Iа ꙗ | Ĭa ĭa | Ĭa ĭa |
Ѥ ѥ | Йє йє | Ĭe ĭe | Ĭe ĭe | Ĭε ĭε | Ĭe ĭe | Ĭe ĭe |
Ѧ ѧ | Ꙗ ꙗ (initial), Ѧ ѧ (mid and final) | Ꙗ ꙗ | Ꙗ Iа (ligature) ꙗ | IА Iа ꙗ | Ĭa ĭa | Ĭa ĭa |
Ѫ ѫ | Ꙟ ꙟ (initial), Ѫ ѫ (mid and final) | Ꙟ ꙟ (initial), Ѫ ѫ (mid and final) | Ꙟ ꙟ | Ꙟ ꙟ | Î î | Î î |
Ѯ ѯ | Кс кс | Кс кс | Ks ks | Кс кс | Ks ks | Ks ks |
Ѱ ѱ | Пс пс | Пс пс | Пs пs | Пс пс | Пs пs | Пs пs |
Ѳ ѳ | Т т | Т т | T t | Ѳ ѳ | T t | T t |
Ѵ ѵ | И, Ꙋ | I, Ꙋ | I, Ꙋ | І, Ꙋ | I, Ꙋ | I, Ꙋ |
Ꙟ ꙟ | Ꙟн ꙟн Ꙟм ꙟм | Ꙟн ꙟн Ꙟм ꙟм | Ꙟн ꙟн Ꙟм ꙟм | Ꙟⲛ ꙟⲛ Ꙟм ꙟм | În în Îm îm | În în Îm îm |
Џ џ | Џ џ | Џ џ | Џ џ | Џ џ | Џ џ | Џ џ |
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Usual letter formats and Romanian equivalents
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The oldest surviving document in Romanian: Neacșu's Letter, a trader from Câmpulung, sent to the mayor of Brașov (1521)
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The Lord's Prayer, in an 1850s religious document
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Transitional alphabet (fragment of Dimitrie Bolintineanu's Călătorii pe Dunăre și în Bulgaria, 1858)
Read more about this topic: Romanian Cyrillic Alphabet
Famous quotes containing the word transitional:
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—Gilbert Adair, British author, critic. Sunday Times: Books (London, April 21, 1991)