Roly poly may refer to:
- An isopod crustacean of the order Armadillidiidae (also known as pill bugs)
- A pill millipede
- A forward roll, such as that down a hill; in other contexts, a sideways roll
- Roly-poly toy, a toy that rights itself when pushed over
- Jam Roly-Poly, a traditional British pudding
- Roly Poly, a chain of sandwich shops in the United States
- The Tale of Samuel Whiskers or, The Roly-Poly Pudding, a book by Beatrix Potter
- Rolie Polie Olie, a cartoon character created by William Joyce
- "Roly Poly", a song by Bob Wills
- "Roly-Poly", a song by T-ara
- The Roly Poly Man, a close associate of The Hurdy Gurdy Man in the 1960s song by folk-rock artist Donovan Leitch