Binding
The RISC with a bound siRNA recognizes complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and degrades them, resulting in substantially decreased levels of protein translation and effectively turning off the gene. It is as yet unclear how the activated RISC complex locates the mRNA targets in the cell, though it has been shown that the process can occur in situations outside of ongoing protein translation from mRNA. Endogenously expressed miRNA in metazoans is usually imperfectly complementary to a large number of nuclear genes and has a modulating effect on these genes' levels of expression via translational repression.However, in plants the process has a much greater specificity to the mRNA and usually each miRNA only binds to one mRNA. Recently identified members of RISC complex are SND1(p100 Coactivator or Tudor SN)and AEG-1(MTDH). AEG-1 and SND1 are oncogenes and regulates various gene expression.
Read more about this topic: RNA-induced Silencing Complex
Famous quotes containing the word binding:
“Hate traps us by binding us too tightly to our adversary.”
—Milan Kundera (b. 1929)
“What is lawful is not binding only on some and not binding on others. Lawfulness extends everywhere, through the wide-ruling air and the boundless light of the sky.”
—Empedocles 484–424 B.C., Greek philosopher. The Presocratics, p. 142, ed. Philip Wheelwright, The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. (1960)
“With a binding like you’ve got, people are gonna want to know what’s in the book.”
—Alan Jay Lerner (1918–1986)