RBL is an initialism for:
- RB Leipzig, a German football club
- Route-based localization, is an inflexible way of localizing a robot, but highly reliable
- The Royal British Legion
- Real-time Blackhole List
- Rifled Breech Loader, a type of artillery
- Ruthless By Law (or RBL Posse), a hip hop group from San Francisco
- Rogers Broadcasting Limited a Canadian broadcasting company owned and operated by Rogers Communications