Geography
Ranchi is located at 23°21′N 85°20′E / 23.35°N 85.33°E / 23.35; 85.33. The total area covered by the Ranchi municipal area is 175.12 square kilometres and the average elevation of the city is 651 m above sea level.
Ranchi is located on the southern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau which forms the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau. Ranchi is referred to as the "City of Waterfalls", due to the presence of numerous large and small falls of around the close vicinity of the city. The most popular ones are Dassam Falls, Hundru Falls, Jonha Falls, Hirni Falls and Panchghagh Falls.
The Subarnarekha river and its tributaries constitute the local river system. Dams in Kanke, Rukka and Hatia have been built over these channels to cater to the water requirements of majority the population.
Ranchi has a hilly topography and its combination with dense tropical forests ensures that it enjoys a comparatively moderate climate compared to the rest of the state. Previously, it was accorded a 'hill station' status during the British rule. Rapid population growth and industrialization have caused considerable change in the weather pattern and rise in average temperatures. This has resulted in gradual loss of this "Hill Station" like status.
| Varanasi, Allahabad, Kanpur, New Delhi | Gaya, Patna, Gorakhpur, Kathmandu | Bokaro, Dhanbad, Siliguri, Guwahati | ||
| Bhopal, Indore, Pune, Mumbai, Ahmedabad | Kolkata, Dhaka, Aizawl | |||
| Ranchi | ||||
| Raipur, Hyderabad, Solapur, Goa | Rourkela, Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Bengaluru, Chennai | Jamshedpur, Kharagpur, Bay of Bengal |
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