Ralph Miliband

Ralph Miliband (7 January 1924 – 21 May 1994), born Adolphe Miliband, was a Belgian-born sociologist known as a prominent Marxist thinker. He has been described as "one of the best known academic Marxists of his generation", in this manner being compared with E. P. Thompson, Eric Hobsbawm and Perry Anderson.

Miliband was born in Belgium, to working class Polish-Jewish immigrants, but Miliband and his father fled to Britain in 1940 to avoid persecution from the invading Nazi Germany. Learning to speak English, and enrolling at the London School of Economics, he became involved in left-wing politics, and made a personal commitment to the cause of socialism at the grave of Karl Marx. After serving in the Royal Navy during the Second World War, he gained British citizenship and settled in London in 1946.

By the 1960s, he was a prominent member of the New Left movement in Britain, which was critical of established Stalinist governments in the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc. He published several noted books on Marxist theory and the criticism of capitalism, such as Parliamentary Socialism (1961) and Marxism and Politics (1977).

Both his sons, David and Ed Miliband went on to become senior members of the Labour Party following their father's death, with the latter defeating the former to be elected party leader in 2010.