The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) is a private-sector, non-profit corporation created by the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, a 2002 United States federal law, to oversee the auditors of public companies. Its stated purpose is to "protect the interests of investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, fair, and independent audit reports". Although a private entity, the PCAOB has many government-like regulatory functions, making it in some ways similar to the private "self-regulatory organizations" (SROs) which regulate stock markets, broker-dealers, etc. in the United States. In conversation, the PCAOB is often pronounced "peekaboo".
Read more about Public Company Accounting Oversight Board: Organizational Overview, PCAOB Powers, Government Oversight of The PCAOB, Inspection Reports, History, Constitutional Challenge
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