Pryor is a surname, which can refer to:
- Anduele Pryor, Dutch football player
- Arthur Pryor, American trombonist and bandleader
- Cactus Pryor, Texan humorist and broadcaster
- David Pryor, former U.S. Senator from Arkansas, father of Mark Pryor
- Francis Pryor, British archaeologist
- Greg Pryor, American baseball player
- Marina Prior, Australian singer whose name is often misspelled as "Pryor"
- Mark Pryor, U.S. Senator from Arkansas
- Michael Pryor, Australian author
- Richard Pryor, US comedian, actor, writer
- Roger Pryor, Virginia secessionist and New York state judge
- Snooky Pryor, Afro-American blues musician
- Terrelle Pryor, American football player
- The fictional Pryor family from American Dreams
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