Cognate Terms Concepts
The following is a list of cognate terms concepts that may be gleaned from comparative linguistic analysis of the Rigveda and Avesta. Both collections are from the period after the proposed date of separation (ca. 2nd millennium BCE) of the Proto-Indo-Iranians into their respective Indic Iranian branches.
| Indo-Iranian | Vedas term | Avestan term | Common meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| *ap | āp | āp | "water," āpas "the Waters" |
| Apam Napat, Apām Napāt | Apām Napāt | the "water's offspring" | |
| *aryaman | aryaman | airyaman | "Arya-hood" (lit:** "member of Arya community") |
| *rta | rta | asha/arta | "active truth", extending to "order" & "righteousness" |
| *athar-van- | atharvan | āϑrauuan | "priest" |
| *azi | ahi | azhi, (aži) | "dragon, snake", "serpent" |
| *daiva | deva | daeva, (daēuua) | a class of divinities |
| *manu | manu | manu | "man" |
| *mi-tra- | mitra | mithra, miϑra | "oath, covenant" |
| *asura | asura | ahura | a class of anti divinities |
| *sarvatāt | sarvatat | Hauruuatāt | "intactness", "perfection" |
| *saras-vnt-ih | Sarasvatī | Haraxvaitī (Ārəduuī Sūrā Anāhitā) | a controversial (generally considered mythological) river, a river goddess |
| *sau-ma- | soma | haoma | a plant, deified |
| *sva(h)r- | svar | hvar, xvar | the Sun, also cognate to Greek helios, Latin sol, Engl. Sun |
| *vr-tra- | Vrtra- | verethra, vərəϑra (cf. Verethragna, Vərəϑraγna) | "obstacle" |
| *yama | Yama | Yima | son of the solar deity Vivasvant/Vīuuahuuant |
| *yaj-na- | yajña | yasna, rel: yazata | "worship, sacrifice, oblation" |
Read more about this topic: Proto-Indo-Iranian Religion
Famous quotes containing the words cognate, terms and/or concepts:
“Or of the garden where we first mislaid
Simplicity of wish and will, forgetting
Out of what cognate splendor all things came
To take their scattering names;”
—Richard Wilbur (b. 1921)
“Again we have here two distinctions that are no distinctions, but made to seem so by terms invented by I know not whom to cover ignorance, and blind the understanding of the reader: for it cannot be conceived that there is any liberty greater, than for a man to do what he will.”
—Thomas Hobbes (1579–1688)
“Institutional psychiatry is a continuation of the Inquisition. All that has really changed is the vocabulary and the social style. The vocabulary conforms to the intellectual expectations of our age: it is a pseudo-medical jargon that parodies the concepts of science. The social style conforms to the political expectations of our age: it is a pseudo-liberal social movement that parodies the ideals of freedom and rationality.”
—Thomas Szasz (b. 1920)