Proca Action - Lagrangian Density

Lagrangian Density

The field involved is the 4-potential Aμ = (φ/c, A), where φ is the electric potential and A is the magnetic potential. The Lagrangian density is given by:

where c is the speed of light, ħ is the reduced Planck constant, and ∂μ is the 4-gradient.

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