Plastic Number - Properties

Properties

The powers of the plastic number A(n) = ρn satisfy the recurrence relation A(n) = A(n − 2) + A(n − 3) for n > 2. Hence it is the limiting ratio of successive terms of any (non-zero) integer sequence satisfying this recurrence such as the Padovan sequence and the Perrin sequence, and bears the same relationship to these sequences as the golden ratio does to the Fibonacci sequence and the silver ratio does to the Pell numbers.

Because the plastic number has minimal polynomial x3 − x − 1 = 0, it is also a solution of the polynomial equation p(x) = 0 for every polynomial p that is a multiple of x3 − x − 1, but not for any other polynomials with integer coefficients.

The plastic number satisfies the nested radical recurrence:

The plastic number is the smallest Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number. Its algebraic conjugates are

\left(-\frac12\pm\frac{\sqrt3}2i\right)\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\frac{23}{3}}}+\left(-\frac12\mp\frac{\sqrt3}2i\right)\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\frac{23}{3}}}\approx -0.662359 \pm 0.56228i
,

of absolute value ≈ 0.868837 (sequence A191909 in OEIS). This value is also because the product of the three roots of the minimal polynomial is 1.

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