Ecology
In Mediterranean Europe and Asia Minor to Western Asia trees usually associated with this species include Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), Serbian Spruce (Picea omorika), Bosnian Pine (Pinus heldreichii), Norway Spruce (Picea abies), Lebanon Cedar (Cedrus libani), European Silver Fir (Abies alba) and related firs. Several species of juniper (Juniperus spp.), and various broadleaf trees are associates.
- Climate and provenance
The eastern P. nigra subsp. nigra exhibits greater winter frost hardiness (hardy to below −30°C) than the western P. nigra subsp. salzmannii (hardy to about −25°C).
Different provenances (seed sources by geographic area) or varieties are adapted to different soil types: Austrian and Pyrenees origins grow well on a wide range of soil types, Corsican origins grows poorly on limestone, while Turkish and Crimean origins grow well on limestone. Most provenances also show good growth on podzolic soils.
Read more about this topic: Pinus Nigra
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