Demographics
| Population Growth of District Pilibhit |
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| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1871 | 492,098 |
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| 1881 | 451,601 | -8.2% | |
| 1891 | 485,108 | 7.4% | |
| 1901 | 470,369 | -3.0% | |
| 1911 | 487,632 | 3.7% | |
| 1921 | 431,604 | -11.5% | |
| 1931 | 448,824 | 4.0% | |
| 1941 | 490,699 | 9.3% | |
| 1951 | 504,391 | 2.8% | |
| 1961 | 616,301 | 22.2% | |
| 1971 | 752,151 | 22.0% | |
| 1981 | 1,008,332 | 34.1% | |
| 1991 | 1,283,103 | 27.3% | |
| 2001 | 1,645,183 | 28.2% | |
| 2011 | 2,037,225 | 23.8% | |
| Population in years 1871, 1881, 1891 are taken from Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 20, p. 138. |
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As of the 2011 India census, District Pilibhit had a population of 2,037,225. Pilibhit district is the 46th most populous Districts of Uttar Pradesh. Pilibhit City has 1,97,455 people. Males constitute 52.94% of the population and females 47.06%. Pilibhit has an average literacy rate of 63.58%, lower than the national average of 74.04%. Male literacy is 73.46%, and female literacy is 52.43%. In Pilibhit, 14.58% of the population is under 6 years of age.
See also: List of cities in Uttar PradeshPrior to the abolition of zamindari, the zamindars owned large tracts of arable and forest land. Farm labors were brought from eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. After zamindari was abolished, the excess cultivable land was distributed amongst the landless agricultural labors. In the post-independence period, many displaced persons from Pakistan were settled in the area. They were provided cultivable land mainly by clearing private forests. Large tracts were cleared and wetlands were drained and brought under the plough. The inhabitants of the land generally belong to these major groups: those from eastern Uttar Pradesh, those from Pakistan including Punjabis and Bengalis, migrants from Punjab and the locals. The common property lands and resources are worst affected in Puranpur tehsil. The population density of the tehsil has increased considerably over the last two decades. The population groups constantly endeavor to maintain their interests and identity. The immigrant labour and the Bengalis are the weakest economically but have growing political clout. The Punjabi displaced persons and migrants are financially the strongest and wield considerable political clout. The locals are always anxious to safeguard their interests against the immigrants. The locals are strongest in the process of political or social decision-making.
Amongst the locals, one of the historically important community is the Tharu tribe. According to a British officer, historian Lieutenant-Colonel James Tod (1782–1835), a large number of fighters from Rajput ruler Maharana Pratap's army left Mewar in Rajasthan after his son Amar Singh's surrender to Mughal Army and went towards the dense forest in the Himalayan belt in search of a safe location. These tribes survived and are now settled as cultivators in the area, keeping large herds of cattle. They have a distinct cultural identity. There are some Tharu villages in the proximity of Katarniaghat wildlife sanctuary. They are related to the Tharus in the terai areas in Nepal. The Tharus depend on the forests for food, fodder, medicine, small timber for construction of huts and agricultural implements, handicrafts, social and religious ceremonies. The major Tharu groups include the Ranas, Dingoras and Katharias. Marriages between these groups are very uncommon. Once their habitations were forest villages but now these are revenue villages. These tribes are not economical and politically vibrant, but the Government of India has initiated schemes to bring them back to the mainstream. The tribal area development schemes have benefited these people. They have adopted modern farming techniques and have slowly shifted from subsistence level farming to raising cash crops. Some now own tractors and other farm implements. The ecological development initiatives have largely focused on these Tharu villages. Tharu youths are now showing their talent in the field of sports, education and art.
| Religion wise Population in Pilibhit | ||||
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| Religion | Percent | |||
| Hinduism | 71.43% | |||
| Islam | 22.75% | |||
| Sikhism | 4.587% | |||
| Other | 1.2286% | |||
| Based on 2001 census | ||||
- Population Growth Estimation in next 40 years in Pilibhit
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Studies reveal that the poverty level in the district is associated with the social identity, source of livelihood, landless and level of education of the head of household. Education is a crucial instrument for raising income levels of people and moving out of the vicious circle of poverty. A study done by Delhi-based NGO, Nav Bharat Nirman indicates a strong correlation between educational attainment and poverty levels among various social classes in the district. The incidence of poverty is much higher among scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST) households in Pilibhit. Nearly 60 per cent of SC households were below the poverty line in Pilibhit in 1999-2000. However, this proportion came down to 45.23 per cent in 2007-08. The pace of decline of poverty was faster for the SC/ST households as compared to other households during this period. The poverty level among Hindus and Muslims was roughly of the same in the rural areas around 31 percent in 1999-2000. But poverty levels are much higher for Muslims in the urban areas, which is almost equal to 42.2 per cent as compared to only 26.4 per cent for Hindus. With 7,44,120 people under poverty line, Pilibhit comes under top 20 backward districts of India in term of education, socio-economic conditions, opportunity to earn livelihood and basic amenities. Many non-profit organization have come forward to help the population living under the poverty line.
- List of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) operating in Pilibhit
| No. | Names of NGO |
|---|---|
| 1. | Kawarnthi Sewa Dal (KSD) |
| 2. | Bal Vikas Samiti (BVS) |
| 3. | Mahila Kalyan Samiti (MKS) |
| 4. | Medical Sisters Of St. Joseph (MSJ) |
| 5. | Ram Krishna Sewa Samiti (RKSS) |
| 6. | Samaj Kalyan Evam Vikas Adhyayan Kendra (SKEVAK) |
| 7. | The Methodist Church in India (MCI) |
| 8. | Uttar Pradesh Drought Relief Committee (UPDRC) |
| 9. | Jan Seva Sansthan Pilibhit (JSS) President-Shariq Ansari Vic.President-Mohd.Salman Khan |
| 10. | Chalci Education Revolution Society Pilibhit (CERS) President-Shariq Ansari Sec.Ahmad Mian |
| 11. | Viklang Kalyan & Punrvaas Samiti (VKPS) |
| 12. | Vivek Educational Foundation of Canada |
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