16th Century
- Luis Barahona de Soto (1548–1595) Spanish poet admired by Cervantes
- Jan Brożek (Broscius, 1585–1652), Polish mathematician, astronomer, physician, poet, writer, musician, rector of the Kraków Academy
- Thomas Campion (1567–1620) English composer and poet
- William Gilbert (1544–1603) English natural philosopher
- Jacques Grévin (c. 1539–1570) French dramatist
- Arthur Johnston (1587–1641) Scottish poet
- Thomas Lodge (c. 1558–1625) English dramatist and writer of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods; best remembered as the author of Rosalynde, on which Shakespeare based As You Like It
- Sebastian Petrycy of Pilzno (1554–1626) was a Polish philosopher and physician.
- Michael Servetus (1511–53), Spanish theologian, cartographer, humanist; the first European to describe pulmonary circulation; burned at the stake, for his religious views, in John Calvin's Geneva.
- Andreas Vesalius (1514–64) Belgian anatomist, author of De humani corporis fabrica
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Famous quotes containing the word century:
“The general feeling was, and for a long time remained, that one had several children in order to keep just a few. As late as the seventeenth century . . . people could not allow themselves to become too attached to something that was regarded as a probable loss. This is the reason for certain remarks which shock our present-day sensibility, such as Montaigne’s observation, “I have lost two or three children in their infancy, not without regret, but without great sorrow.””
—Philippe Ariés (20th century)