History
An unidentified blue compound, which is now known to be metal-free phthalocyanine, was first reported in 1907. In 1927, Swiss researchers accidentally synthesized copper phthalocyanine, copper naphthalocyanine, and copper octamethylphthalocyanine in an attempted conversion of o-dibromobenzene into phthalonitrile. They remarked on the enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize these blue complexes. In the same year, copper phthalocyanine was also discovered at Scottish Dyes, Ltd., Grangemouth, Scotland (later ICI). ColorantHistory.org hosts an old documentary about the discovery of the pigment.
Read more about this topic: Phthalocyanine
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