Phoenicia - Important Cities and Colonies

Important Cities and Colonies

From the 10th century BC, their expansive culture established cities and colonies throughout the Mediterranean. Canaanite deities like Baal and Astarte were being worshipped from Cyprus to Sardinia, Malta, Sicily, Spain, Portugal, and most notably at Carthage in modern Tunisia.

In the Phoenician homeland:

  • Akkā (Hebrew עַכּוֹ; Arabic عكّا)
  • Amia
  • Amrit
  • Jaffa
  • Caesarea
  • Arka
  • Arwad (Classical Aradus)
  • Berut (Greek Βηρυτός; Latin Berytus;
    Arabic بيروت; English Beirut)
  • Botrys (modern Batroun)
  • Dor (English Tantura; Arabic الطنطورة; Hebrew דוֹר)
  • Gebal (Greek Byblos)
  • Porphyreon
  • Safita
  • Sarepta (modern Sarafand)
  • Sidon
  • Tripoli
  • Tyre
  • Ugarit
  • Zemar (Sumur)
  • Majdel Balhis (Lebanon)

Phoenician colonies, including some of lesser importance (this list might be incomplete):

  • Located in modern Algeria
    • Cirta (modern Constantine)
    • Malaca (modern Guelma)
    • Igigili (modern Jijel)
    • Hippo (modern Annaba)
    • Icosium (modern Algiers)
    • Iol (modern Cherchell)
    • Tipasa (modern Tipaza)
  • Located in modern Cyprus
    • Kition (modern Larnaca)
    • Dhali (modern Dali, Cyprus)
    • Marion (modern Polis, Cyprus)
  • Located in modern Italy
    • Mainland
      • Genoa
    • Sardinia
      • Karalis (modern Cagliari)
      • Nora
      • Olbia
      • Sulci
      • Tharros
    • Sicily
      • Zyz (modern Palermo)
      • Lilybaeaum (modern Marsala)
      • Motya
      • Solus (modern Solunto)
  • Located in modern Libya
    • Leptis Magna
    • Oea (modern Tripoli)
    • Sabratha
  • The islands of Malat (modern Malta)
    • Maleth (modern Mdina)
    • Għajn Qajjet
    • Tas-Silġ
    • Mtarfa
    • Qallilija
    • Ras il-Wardija in Gozo
  • Located in modern Mauritania
    • Cerne
  • Located in modern Morocco
    • Acra
    • Arambys (Mogador)
    • Caricus Murus
    • Gytta
    • Lixus (modern Larache)
    • Tingis (modern Tangier)
    • Volubilis
  • Located in modern Portugal
    • Baal Saphon or Baal Shamen, latter romanized as Balsa (modern Tavira, in the Algarve)
  • Located in modern Spain
    • Abdera (modern Adra)
    • Abyla (modern Ceuta)
    • Akra Leuke (modern Alicante)
    • Gadir (modern Cádiz)
    • Ibossim (modern Ibiza)
    • Malaka or mlk (modern Málaga)
    • Onoba (modern Huelva)
    • Qart Hadašt (Greek Νέα Καρχηδόνα; Latin Carthago Nova; Spanish Cartagena)
    • Rusadir (modern Melilla)
    • Sexi (modern Almuñécar)
  • Located in modern Tunisia
    • Hadrumetum (modern Susat)
    • Hippo Diarrhytos (modern Bizerte)
    • Qart Hadašt (Greek Καρχηδόνα; Latin Carthago; English Carthage)
    • Thapsus (near modern Bekalta)
    • Utica
  • Located in modern Turkey
    • Phoenicus (modern Finike)
  • Other colonies
    • Calpe (modern Gibraltar)
    • Gunugu
    • Thenae
    • Tipassa
    • Sundar
    • Surya
    • Shobina
    • Tara

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