Philander may refer to:
- Philander (action), to have sexual intercourse with many women
- Philander (genus), a genus of opossums
- "Philander", a historic name for the dusky pademelon (Thylogale brunii)
People with the first name Philander:
- Philander Chase (1775–1852), Episcopal Church bishop, educator, and pioneer of the United States western frontier
- Philander Claxton (1862–1957), American journalist
- Philander C. Knox (1853–1921), American lawyer and politician
- Philander Smith (1809–1882), American philanthropist and eponym of Philander Smith College
- Philander Stephens (1788–1861), Jacksonian member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
People with the last name Philander:
- Vernon Philander (born 1985), South African cricketer