American Experiments
The North American Soccer League in the 1970s and then Major League Soccer in the 1990s experimented with a variation of the shoot-out procedure.
Instead of a straight penalty kick, the shoot-out started 35 yards from the goal and having five seconds to attempt a shot. The player could make as many moves as he could in a breakaway situation in the five seconds, then attempt a shot. This procedure is similar to that used in an ice hockey penalty shot. As with a standard shoot-out, this variation used a best-of-five-kicks model, and if the score was still level, the tiebreaker would head to an extra round of one attempt per team.
This format rewarded player skills, as players were able to attempt to fake out goalkeepers and play the ball in an attempt to make the shot (such as beat the goalkeeper in a fast-break situation, where the goalkeeper would have to find another way to beat the attacker), as in a one-on-one skills contest, and goalkeepers could take on the attackers without restrictions that are normally implemented in penalty shootouts.
MLS abandoned this experiment in 2000. If penalties are required to determine a winner during the playoffs, MLS now uses the shoot-out procedure specified by the IFAB.
The Attacker Defender Goalkeeper (ADG) concept is loosely based on the 35-yard shootout format except the attacker is facing both a defender and the goalkeeper, with a 30-second shot clock.
Read more about this topic: Penalty Shoot-out (association Football)
Famous quotes containing the words american and/or experiments:
“The mystical nature of American consumption accounts for its joylessness. We spend a great deal of time in stores, but if we don’t seem to take much pleasure in our buying, it’s because we’re engaged in the acts of sacrifice and self-definition. Abashed in the presence of expensive merchandise, we recognize ourselves ... as supplicants admitted to a shrine.”
—Lewis H. Lapham (b. 1935)
“There are three principal means of acquiring knowledge available to us: observation of nature, reflection, and experimentation. Observation collects facts; reflection combines them; experimentation verifies the result of that combination. Our observation of nature must be diligent, our reflection profound, and our experiments exact. We rarely see these three means combined; and for this reason, creative geniuses are not common.”
—Denis Diderot (1713–1784)