History of Discovery
P. westermani was discovered in the lungs of a human by Ringer in 1879 and eggs in the sputum were recognized independently by Manson and Erwin von Baelz in 1880. Manson proposed the snail as an intermediate host and various Japanese workers detailed the whole life cycle in the snail between 1916 and 1922. The species name P. westermani was named after a zookeeper who noted the trematode in a Bengal tiger in an Amsterdam Zoo.
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