Criticisms
Principle 1 in particular has been criticized for it denies the rights of non-believers, as well as of believers in polytheistic religions (Hinduism and Buddhism), which are practiced by a significant minority of Indonesians.
The 1st principle of the Pancasila is also argued by some to be in tension with Art. 29 on Religious Freedom of the Indonesian Constitution (UUD 1945), stated as:
Chapter XI. Religion Article 29 1. The State shall be based upon the belief in the One and Only God. 2. The State guarantees all persons the freedom of worship, each according to his/her own religion or belief.
The complex State legal argument against atheism or agnosticism is difficult to condense—but essentially atheism as denial of God not so much implies illegal communist leanings but denies the sacrosanct humanity of Indonesians and contravenes the Preamble of the Indonesian Constitution- to which all Indonesian citizens are bound, as a condition of their citizenship and by which they are oath-bound to via retention of citizenship.
In contrast, some conservative Muslims have criticized Pancasila for being too secular and inclusive, diluting the uniqueness of Islam by placing man-made precepts at a higher level than the Qur'an. For example, the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) terror group is the latest anti-Pancasila manifestation. JI's precursor was the Darul Islam movement which in 1948 challenged the new secularist republic through civil war that claimed some 27,000 lives.
Read more about this topic: Pancasila (politics)
Famous quotes containing the word criticisms:
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