History
Port facilities at Outer Harbor were constructed during the first decade of the 20th century. This involved reclamation of marshland and the building of wharves and breakwaters. A railway line was built northwards from Largs in 1903 to facilitate this construction. The line was initially single track and used by goods trains only. As the harbour project reached completion, a station was erected alongside the wharf at Outer Harbor and a passenger train service was introduced in late 1907.
Outer Harbor opened to ocean-going shipping in January 1908.
Prior to 1926, the original station was closer to the wharf than the current station location, in the area now occupied by the modern Overseas Passenger Terminal. There were various goods lines on the wharf in addition to the passenger facilities, and a sizeable balloon loop which allowed passenger trains to continue back towards Adelaide without reversing.
In 1926, a new passenger station with brick buildings was built on the present site. This still connected to the balloon loop (which ran around the circumference of the North Haven Golf Course) and allowed the lines closer to the wharf to concentrate on handling goods traffic.
Before the 1950s, the train service to Outer Harbor comprised:
- A regular all-stations shuttle service along the peninsula which connected at Glanville with the suburban trains between Adelaide and Semaphore.
- Several peak-hour local trains between Adelaide and Outer Harbor.
- Special express boat trains which ran to and from Outer Harbor to connect with the arrival and departure of ocean-going ships. Many of these trains were shunted onto the wharf lines to enable passengers to transfer directly to and from the ships.
In 1959, increasing traffic from stations along the Le Fevre Peninsula resulted in the Outer Harbor line becoming the “main line”, with most trains running to or from Adelaide, with the Semaphore trains then operating as a shuttle service from Glanville.
Post-World War II, a substantial number of immigrants from the U.K. and Europe settled in South Australia. Many of these disembarked from ships at Outer Harbor and were transferred to Adelaide and other locations by train from Outer Harbor station.
During the late 1960s and 1970s, the importance of the passenger facilities decreased as travellers switched to airlines. In the 21st century, the Overseas Passenger Terminal is now used only for short stop-overs by occasional cruise ships. Special boat trains have long been consigned to history – the last boat train ran to Outer Harbor in 1971.
The goods lines directly into the wharf were disconnected in 1974 when the railway lines approaching Outer Harbor were relocated to the northern side of Lady Ruthven Drive. Goods trains continued to access the wharf by reversing from the north end of the balloon loop. The ticket office at Outer Harbor station was closed in 1979.
In the mid-1970s, a separate freight line was built to service the port area at Outer Harbor. This was an extension of the industrial line at Osborne and followed the western bank of the Port River to Pelican Point. By 1982, all freight trains used the industrial line. The connection between the wharves and Outer Harbor station was removed and the Outer Harbor line was used solely by suburban passenger trains.
In the late 1980s, a resignalling scheme resulted in de-commissioning of the balloon loop and the singling of the last 3 kilometres of track north of Midlunga. Trains now enter the station from the south, the driver changes ends and the rail-car(s) reverses towards Adelaide.
Read more about this topic: Outer Harbor Railway Station
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