Orconectes shoupi, the Nashville crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Tennessee.
Orconectes shoupi is a federal and state endangered crayfish that resides on Mill Creek in Davidson and Williamson counties in Tennessee. Horton Hobbs, Jr., discovered this rare crayfish in the 1940s along with C. S. Shoup, a Vanderbilt University professor and colleague. The Nashville crayfish is considered an endangered species by the IUCN Red List, due to the threat of urban development, specifically at the mouth of the creek all the way to the headwaters.
The unusual amounts of de-icer used at Nashville International Airport after the increased snowfall in the winter of 2009–2010, may have caused deaths of Orconectes shoupi.